Generalized Baer rings
نویسنده
چکیده
In [15], Kaplansky introduced Baer rings as rings in which every right (left) annihilator ideal is generated by an idempotent. According to Clark [9], a ring R is called quasi-Baer if the right annihilator of every right ideal is generated (as a right ideal) by an idempotent. Further works on quasi-Baer rings appear in [4, 6, 17]. Recently, Birkenmeier et al. [8] called a ring R to be a right (resp., left) principally quasi-Baer (or simply right (resp., left) p.q.-Baer) ring if the right (resp., left) annihilator of a principal right (resp., left) ideal is generated by an idempotent. R is called a p.q.-Baer ring if it is both right and left p.q.Baer. The class of right or left p.q.-Baer rings is a nontrivial generalization of the class of quasi-Baer rings. For example, if R is a commutative von Neumann regular ring which is not complete, then R is p.q.-Baer but not quasi-Baer. Observe that every biregular ring is also a p.q.-Baer ring. A ring satisfying a generalization of Rickart’s condition (i.e., every right annihilator of any element is generated (as a right ideal) by an idempotent) has a homological characterization as a right PP-ring which is also another generalization of a Baer ring. A ring R is called a right (resp., left) PP-ring if every principal right (resp., left) ideal is projective (equivalently, if the right (resp., left) annihilator of an element of R is generated (as a right (resp., left) ideal) by an idempotent of R). R is called a PP-ring (also called a Rickart ring [3, page 18]) if it is both right and left PP. Baer rings are clearly right (left) PP-rings, and von Neumann regular rings are also right (left) PP-rings by Goodearl [10, Theorem 1.1]. Note that the conditions right PP and right p.q.-Baer are distinct
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Int. J. Math. Mathematical Sciences
دوره 2006 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2006